Science and Technology科学与技术

here is a difference between science and technology.Science is a method of answering theoretical questions; technology is a method of solving practical problems. Science has to do with discovering the facts and relationships between observable phenomena in nature and with establishing theories that serve to organize these facts and relationships; technology has to do with tools,techniques, and procedures for implementing the findings of science.hxw.red

Another distinction between science and technology has to do with the progress in each. Progress in science excludes the human factor. Scientists, who seek to comprehend the universe and know the truth with the highest degree of accuracy and certainty, cannot pay heed to their own or other people's likes or dislikes, or to popular ideas about the fitness of things. What scientists discover may shock or anger people--as did Darwin's theory of evolution. But even an unpleasant truth is more than likely to be useful; besides, we have the option of refusing to believe it! But hardly so with technology;we do not have the option of refusing to hear the sonic boom produced by a supersonic aircraft-flying overhead; we do not have the option of refusing to breathe polluted air. Unlike science, progress in technology must be our slave and not the reverse. The legitimate purpose of technology is to serve peopie--people in general, not merely some people; and future generations, not merely those who presently wish to gain advantage for themselves.hxw.red

We are all familiar with the abuses of technology. Many people blame technology itself for widespread pollution, resource depletion and even social decay in general--so much so that the promise of technology is obscured. That promise is a cleaner and healthier world. If wise applications of science and technology do not lead to a better world, what else will?

科学与技术

科学与技术是有区别的。科学致力于回答理论问题，而技术则致力于解决实际问题。科学关注的是发现事实，找出自然界可观察到的各种现象之间的关联，并建立起一些理论，将这些事实与关联组织起来；而技术则关注于将科学发现诉诸实践所需的工具、工艺及程序。

科学与技术的另一个区别在于其各自的发展进程。科学的发展排除了人的因素。在试图以最精确、最可靠的方式理解宇宙、了解真理的过程中，科学家不可顾及他们本人或他人的好恶以及公众对事物合理性的构想。科学家的发现可能使人震惊或恼火——如达尔文的进化论。而即使是令人不快的发现也很可能具有实用价值。而且，我们还有拒绝相信的选择!不过，技术就不同了。我们无法不听在头顶掠过的超音速飞机发出的轰鸣，我们无法拒绝呼吸污染了的空气。与科学不同，技术上的进步必须受制于我们，而不是相反。技术的正当目的就是服务于人——是所有人，而不仅仅是某些人；未来一代的人，而不仅仅是那些希望马上从中获益的人。

我们熟知技术的弊病。许多人一般谴责技术本身扩散污染，消耗能源，甚至导致社会腐败——连技术的承诺也失色了。这承诺就是一个更干净、更健康的世界。如果科学技术的善用不能引出更美好的世界，那还有什么可以呢?

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